I see your constraint now - battery power and portable. Today you might use a WiFi system to distribute a time signal but I gather you are talking a few years ago when that was infeasible/too expensive/used too much power.
I don’t understand what this means. I didn’t flesh out the method completely, there are buffering requirements to prevent glitches. One use is to dither a 10 bit PWM at 40kHz, after filtering it is equivalent to a 24 bit DAC as long as the voltage isn’t required to change quickly. Works well.